Sin &Forgiveness In Hinduism Essays - Spirituality, Forgiveness

Sin &Forgiveness In Hinduism Sin begins in the realm of consciousness. When we are young we are taught by our guardians that which is ?right? from that which is ?wrong?. We grow up with the understanding that stealing our playmate's toys or hitting our grandparents is wrong and therefore, a sin. As we mature the concept of sin begins to change; it is no longer quite so easy to define or to explain and its repercussions become much more severe than a grounding. Sin is a malicious act, intent-full, deliberate and harmful. An act is considered sinful when, though the perpetrator may gain some form of momentary satisfaction, the action inflicts harm to someone or something else. In reference to Hinduism, a sin is an immoral act; It is ungodly or unethical. The concept of ahimsa (to do or cause no harm) to a Hindu is very sacred and from childhood he is taught to respect and abide by this ideal. Therefore, any step towards dishonoring this paragon is a sin. The story of Svetaketu Aruneya offers a subtle definition of sin. The boy was so proud of himself for having learned the Vedas that his high opinion's of himself stood in the way of his most important lesson and understanding; that of faith. Here, Svetaketu's ego served as a maya and kept him from realizing moksha. Since it is the Hindu's ultimate goal to achieve moksha, all which stands as a barrier is a sin. In a Hindu's life there are different stages which he must pass through before he reaches the end of his life. Each stage is representative of different levels of learning, understanding and growth. Though sin (or rather its potential) is prevalent throughout the four stages, forgiveness becomes an extremely important factor towards reaching moksha. Forgiveness, for the Hindus, begins with self realization that one has sinned. Without this realization, forgiveness cannot begin. The moment this realization is reached the sinner begins his process of forgiveness through growing from his mistakes. Much like the Western traditional views of sin and forgiveness, a Hindu is bound to the same principles; he must consciously realize his sin and with a sincere heart, ask for forgiveness, both to the person he has sinned against and then to God. Shiva, the God of rebirth and destruction is revered by devout Hindu's as a God with a very hot and unpredictable temper, but also as a very forgiving and just God. The Gods of Hinduism hold no grudges against repenting sinners and thus, good Hindu's must not either. At the source of Hinduism lies transcendence. Not to forgive is a sin in itself for it furthers one from complete liberation. It is understood that in order to achieve peace within oneself, forgiveness is inevitable. Karma, often misunderstood or improperly used in the Western culture, can best be described as the proverbial ?to each his own?. Therefore, it is not for the independent individual to judge whether forgiveness is merited or not. Forgiveness offers relief: relief from pending tensions, ill-feeling and mounting egoism. Forgiveness saves one form becoming selfish and egotistical. Physical exercise, meditation through different forms of yoga, devotion, spiritual cleansing through prayer and ?public chanting?(Sharma, 40), all of these exercises are performed in order to achieve a heightened sense of consciousness. It is through consciousness that one may avoid that which is bad, harmful and evil, both to oneself and to others. This is the achievement of egolessness (24). The more one learns to forgive the happier and more peaceful they will feel. The obtainment of moksha, cannot be realized through the containment of negative energy which is associated with animosity, ill thoughts or malevolence. Rather, Hinduism teaches that it is better to forgive, to receive freedom and gain liberation for oneself, this is fulfillment, this is moksha. Religion Essays

Everything You Need to Know for Your Upcoming Summer Vacation

Everything You Need to Know for Your Upcoming Summer Vacation It’s the time of year you’ve been waiting for: summer vacation! Time for you to kick back on the beach with a cold beverage and forgot about all of your responsibilities. Unfortunately, preparing for your upcoming summer vacation can be just as stressful as your normal responsibilities. Taking a vacation reduces stress and improves your overall productivity. So the last thing you need is to be stressed out and offset the positive benefits of your vacation.Fortunately, there are many approaches you can take when planning your summer vacation. You can book a cruise or tour. That way, someone else will plan everything for you. If that’s not your cup of tea, you can find a packaged deal, where expenses are lumped together. Either way, there are a lot of options for you to consider.With that said, here’s everything you need to know in order to be better prepared and lessen the stress of getting ready for summer vacation.Source: [BusinessInsider]

Effects of Arousal, Anxiety and Stress on Performance of Individuals Term Paper

Effects of Arousal, Anxiety and Stress on Performance of Individuals - Term Paper Example Both terms affect the performance of individuals either in work set up or in sporting activities (Cannon & Salas, 2013). According to Driskill (2009) performance of individuals is directly depended on psychological and physical conditions of individuals, where performance measures include, good results, better results, and increased turnover. Individuals are surrounded by various sources of stress, anxiety, and arousal. The sources of stress and anxiety in individuals include trait anxiety, self-esteem, and social physique anxiety. It is outlined that individuals with high trait anxiety will have a higher state of anxiety. Those who are faced with arousal symptoms have feelings of worry, nervousness, and apprehension, this then leads to types of anxiety cognitive (having negative thoughts) and somatic (having perceived physiological arousal). The key influence of arousal on individual muscle tissue is its ability to stimulate blood flow increasing adrenaline; blood is pumped to the rest of the body. The stimulation of body creates muscle tension that is helpful in enhancing performance. Arousal and anx iety can be measured by looking at physical changes (respiration, heart rate) and behavior of the individuals (where the individuals either lack interest or feel withdrawn completely. In some individuals predominantly sportspersons, optimum arousal can occur which is a result of having a balance between over and under arousal. Psychologists and physicians have outlined some of the signs of anxiety, arousal and stress as; profuse sweating, headache, dry mouths, ill feeling, difficulties sleeping, negative self-talk, a constant state of frequent urination, butterflies in stomachs, dazed look in eyes and an evaluation on a situation where there is better performance.  

Debt Cancellation and its impact on poverty in developing countries PowerPoint Presentation

Debt Cancellation and its impact on poverty in developing countries - PowerPoint Presentation Example The paper tells that debt relief or debt cancellation is partial or full forgiveness of debt from developed countries to developing or poorest countries. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development noted that debt service payments in hard currency in fact scarce domestic resources from major important investments such as in health and education and thus cause poverty as well. Debt relief is thus an integral part of the efforts taken by international community to reduce poverty worldwide. In 1996, World Bank and International Monetary Fund took initiative for Debt Relief whereby Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) will get faster, deeper and broader debt relief. This agreement was designed with a view to make these countries introduce measures to reduce poverty in these countries. By 2005, The Multilateral Debt Relief initiative was agreed to provide 100 percent cancellation of IMF, World Bank, African Development Bank and Inter American Development Bank for all those co untries that have completed HIPC initiative. The HIPC initiative has been aiming to provide debt relief to 40 most poorest countries, with a condition that all these countries must have high level of poverty and unmanageable levels of debt. In order for a country to be eligible for debt relief, it is required to demonstrate World Bank and IMF that it has plans to reduce poverty in the country. The HIP countries later have shown sincere commitment to put sound macroeconomic policies with a view to reduce poverty. ... 269). The HIP countries later have shown sincere commitment to put sound macroeconomic policies with a view to reduce poverty (IMF and World Bank, 2001). The main purpose of HIPC initiative and debt relief was poverty reduction, and this has been found to be highly effective for many countries. The debt relief or debt cancellation to poorest countries has been found to be an effective way to improve health and education in the country and thus to reduce poverty. Figure given below illustrates that spending on education and health as improved due to the HIPC debt relief. Lala, Ranganathan and Libresco (2006, p. 6) observed that debt relief was becoming an ongoing mechanism for resource transfer so that the country can free up resources for poverty reduction purposes. It is generally agreed that debt relief to poorest countries has caused improvements in health and education spending due to resources transfer and as a result poverty has been reduced in the poorest countries. But, it is also argued that it may not be the same in the case of developing countries. Cancellation of Developing Countries’ debt and poverty problem It is argued that debt relief or debt cancellation owed by developing countries may result to reduce poverty since these countries will be able to adopt domestic policies and strengthen institutions to take advantages of global markets, which in turn help them increase the share of trade in their GDP. As these countries gain debt relief, they can participate in globalization by exporting to or importing from other countries and thus to be able to maintain favorable balance of payments. These countries also would

A few kind world for superstition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A few kind world for superstition - Essay Example People believe that wizards and witches speak with spiritual beings, and they have the power of either carrying out good or bad. Furthermore, because of their relationship with spiritual beings, witches and wizards have the capability of foretelling the future. This is just a superstitious belief. Superstition has four major manifestations amongst people (Davis, 2). The first type of manifestation is referred to as the vain observance manifestation (Davis, 2). Vain observance refers to the use of techniques for purposes of obtaining a result or a consequence, that by following the natural process, it would be difficult to obtain the results under consideration. A good example of vain observance is sorcery and witchcraft. Sorcery relies on spiritual beings or demonic forces for purposes of controlling other people, or causing harm to them. Furthermore, sorcery and witchcraft aims at gaining an advantage over other people through un-natural means or methods. This is for the benefit of the sorcerer, or the wizard (Murphy, 13). This aspect of vain observance has come under criticism by some leading religions such as Christianity and Islam. These religions condemn the existence of sorcerers and magicians, and they are viewed as deceiving the society. This is because they use demonic forces to manipulate and lie to the people. By looking at this crit ique, it is therefore possible to denote that even the church believes in the existence of spiritual beings, and their capabilities. The second manifestation of superstition is divination (Davis, 3). Divination refers to an attempt of gaining insight to a situation or question through an occultist process. Throughout history, many people have used divination through a variety of forms or procedures. This is by interpreting sign, events, omens, or an alleged contact with a supernatural being

Independence Is The Freedom Of The Soul

Independence Is The Freedom Of The Soul INDEPENDENCE IS the freedom of the soul, a perception of the mind and a feeling understood by the heart. This freedom, perception and more importantly, this feeling is that of liberation, patriotism, self-dependence and other such things. When all such terms are put together and imposed upon the majority, it is a big responsibility on the youth of that nation and on those who create it. That nation is India. Im proud to be an Indian. How often have you heard that phrase? How often have you heard that phrase and felt the emotion coming through, like a quiver of arrows? Maybe once, maybe twice or maybe you never gave it a thought. Now that is freedom of thought. But, is it any good? However, with the evolving face of the youth of today, the insight levels of the Indian youth is increasing, and for the better. Coming back to those rare instances of pride being linked to our nationality, as a part of our identity, we begin to wonder why each and every one of us doesnt feel that way, every single time our nation is being criticised. Why is it only on the 15th of August or 26th of January we feel Indian? Why does the pride and patriotism towards our motherland only come out during an India-Pakistan cricket match? Why does the sudden realisation of being Indian occur to us only when we watch a movie like Chak De India? Why? Vishruta Mattu, an economics student of LSR College, Delhi gives us a fair idea of a thinking mans perception of freedom, Independence of India from a common mans point of view is not only the sense of belonging, but a sense of contribution and existence in every step that our nation takes. She also believes, We constitute our nation, it does not constitute us. Independence is not our right to express but our right to be heard. Independence is not only smart politics, but being a part of a smarter public. Lastly, she makes a vital point in saying, Independence of our nation is not what we feel, but what we make of it and most importantly, independence is not about rights, but our duties towards the nation. Kannagi Khanna on the other hand, hailing from Ahmadabad preferred to cut it short by saying, Independence to me is having the most important thing in the world, i.e., freedom, without having to own it. With all sorts of different views and perceptions coming through from the young minds of todays India, we had Karan Paul of St. Xaviers College, Kolkata being a little poetic about his viewpoint of the entire process of our Independence. He tries to convey to us that Independence is necessary to us as much as oxygen is, and hence, we must listen to what people have to say and then decide upon whether it is correct or not, or else remain a fool forever. Pooja Maheshwary, who has just finished her schooling from St. Xaviers College, Mumbai, gives us a completely different outlook to independence. How often do we actually think about the sacrifice, the struggle that has gone into obtaining this freedom that were enjoying, other than while studying about it in history class? To be honest, I never do. Independence to me means nothing. Being proud of my country on Independence Day and Republic Day every year has become more than a habit now. However, this needs to change, and fast. Independence is having the freedom of choice in whatever I may do, in whatever I may wish to do, and similarly, freedom with reference to our great heroes is the biggest gift that our forefathers could have ever given us. The very thought that believed in making the future generations see the light of an independent India, was a great vision and expressed the freedom of the mind, believes Dhiman Parekh, a B.A student of Fergusson College, Pune. After covering various viewpoints and ideas of and about Independence, we have Robin Mathew Babu, 19, of Delhi relating Indias Independence to his personal independence. He says, To me, it means the freedom to do what I want without thinking of anything and believing that no one can control the freedom of my expression and creativity. Not being in bondage, so that I can scale heights that I wish to, and that no external factor can control me or my thoughts, but myself. Lastly, Akshata Samant, an aspiring filmmaker, currently nurturing her dream at Symbiosis Institute of Media and Communication, believes, Were independent on a scrap of paper, but not independent in the mind. It may be easy to say that we are the worlds greatest democracy and yet not believe in it. We follow the western trends and feel proud, making our minds greatly dependent on the thinking of the west, and believing in the fact that we are modern. If we were independent, why would most of our countrys major decisions be governed or influenced by various external factors? What good is it to be Independent as a nation, if the mind is a prisoner? With such a lot of brainstorming over Independence and its importance in our lives, it is not difficult to believe that the youth are concerned about the issues of the nation, as long as they are given platforms. The need of todays youth is to be heard, not passed off. The need of todays youth is to be free, not restrained. The need of todays youth is realisation of values and not imposition. The need is not a need, but a want that must be satisfied. August 15. Independence Day. For an average young urban Indian, the day runs pretty much to this schedule: firstly, and most importantly, you hope to hell its not a weekend. If youre in school, you go for the flag-hoisting ceremony, followed by a mind-numbingly boring speech and a tableau of dances to depict national integration. If youre the enthusiastic type, youre probably participating in one of them. We must educate kids about the freedom struggle and Independence. We have to educate them as the environment is no longer what it was for us. In college, you could usually bunk the flag-hoisting, ignore the telecast of the parade from New Delhi on DD (not that you watch the channel, anyway) and bask in the holiday mood. And beginning to work is when an actual severing of all ties with I-Day happens. Because, you see, in college you could still get pulled up for not attending the flag-hoisting. Yes, its Independence Day, dude, for which those freedom-fighter people sacrificed everything to get us the power of choice we take so much for granted. And, can it be said that because we never fought for independence and never paid a price for freedom, the I in I-Day could mean only me and myself? Or, do some of the young people sipping cappuccinos at an outdoor cafe actually feel patriotic? Post-1947, there were the midnights children-born in the dawn of independence, torch-bearers of the ideals that won us this glorious freedom, blessed with promise and ridden with lapsesthe inheritors of that tryst with destiny. That was a generation split down the middle between those who stayed and those who left. Some fought and tried to create an India that could do the freedom fighters proud and others sought Green Cards and work permits in countries that nurtured dreams to fruition and who lived with the memories of a country now long gone. As for us, the children of the midnights children, born into a country already jaded, corrupted and washed clean of the dreams of freedom fighters, we now march to the beat of the cash register. When you read or hear about Gandhi or Nehrus principles, you are inspired, but where does all that fit into our lives? We were raised to think for ourselves and to act on what we thought was best for us. If I can lead my own life, do whatever I want to do and not be judged because this is still a conservative society in so many ways, I would, then, feel independent, says Meghana Manay, 18, studying for a business degree in a Bangalore college. Basically, if I can be left to myself, thats my independence. Independence for us has, unfortunately, come to mean individualism in the worst sense of the word, says Roopa Mathew, 24, who works with a multinational firm in Bangalore. She talks about how the ideals that drove the independence movement have got lost over the years. When you read or hear about the principles of Gandhi or Nehru, you are inspired. But where does that fit into our lives? We take independence for granted and its the circumstances that made us this way, says Shane Witherspoon, 27, an editor with an online publication in Bangalore. Shruti Shwetambari, a 29-year-old media manager in Mumbai, finds that, We have been abusing and misusing freedom and independence. I dont want to play the blame game but it is a complex mixture of our indifference and circumstances. But, the fact also is that we can make our own circumstances. These circumstances, glossed over by an illusion of reality, in a post-liberalisation society where malls and multiplexes and global conglomerates mushroom, have almost completely cut us off from what is actually happening outside of our metros. Independence comes with certain riders, but how can you make people look beyond their immediate needs when that is how we have become? Or even in them. Susan Stanley, 30, who works with an international software firm in Bangalore, says, We take independence for granted because we have never experienced subjugation. And so, their lives in this illusion are led almost parallel to reality and no one seems to really want them to converge. There is corruption and its disgusting.Its also disgusting to see how politicians only care about themselves and make money.And, when you hear about how discrimination happens in rural areas, you feel terrible, says Meghana. But, its a momentary feeling. Once it passes, you get back to thinking about yourself and your own world. Thats how I think weve all grown up-we picture the world to be as it is for us. Not for anyone else. Rajvi Mariwala, 25, a management student in Mumbai, says, Arent we being raised to be the second largest market in the world? With the largest middle class in the world, arent we all being raised to sell a dizzying variety of products to one another? English with a phoren accent and increasing buying power is our wagon to the first world. Roopa agrees: The society we live in now in cities like Bangalore is almost neo-imperialistic. We work in MNCs, shop at malls that sell international brands that are flaunted and eat at chains like McDonalds or Subway. How does this daily routine ever reflect the idea of independence as it was initially conceived? Shane is honest when he says, I have to think about money and about what is important to me. If I can lead my own life, do whatever I want to do and not be judged, I would feel independent. Basically, if I can be left to myself, thats my independence. And I dont think that can change much. Shruti finds that when her generation is labelled as being irresponsible or too materialistic, it is unfair as most of us were never inculcated with a sense of community work or of reaching out to less privileged people. But then, I dont know whether its also our fault for not imbibing these values and maybe we really have just chosen to be escapists. With a 10-year-old daughter, Rhea, Aparajita Singh, a management professional in Mumbai, finds that parents today need to make a conscious effort to educate children about issues like the freedom struggle and independence. My husband and I read to my daughter from Nehrus letters to Indira Gandhi, for example, she says. When role models have changed from Gandhi to John Abraham (whom Rhea and her friends worship), Aparajita talks about the onus on parents, My friends and I have to constantly talk to our children and educate them because the environment is no longer what it was for us. Poverty, discrimination, underprivileged children and downtrodden women-all have become the other face of India to the young, regardless of whether the issues are urban or rural. Its not that my generation is unaware of these problems, we are just not interested in them, other than feeling a little compassion for the people struggling with these issues. But then feeling compassion is of no use if it is not followed by action, says Susan. Shruti links this to the eternal Indian chalta hai attitude-We never pull up our socks and do anything. When you hear about a rape case or see something on TV about atrocities, you feel terrible. But when you switch the channel, you forget, says Malavika, 14, Meghanas sister and a Bangalore high school student. Ajay Balasubramaniam, 26, who works with an IT firm in Bangalore, points out that with 24/7 news channels, internet and sms updates, you are always aware of what is happening. So its not fair to say that we are oblivious to the problems because we cannot be with all this media exposure. Apart from scattered discussions over coffee or on email lists, few people actually get moving to resolve these problems. Yeah, we discuss things, we complain about how nothing changes but were also so immune. We dont want corruption, but what are we doing to stop it? If things dont change, thats also partly our fault, argues Roopa. Shane says that although he would like to do something to help, I fear that the so-called agencies of change could also be corrupt to the core. And, thus, while the heart may be in the right place, the TV channel still gets changed. Meghana reasons that this is because taking an initiative to counter a problem would be a responsibility not many want to shoulder.You appreciate your life more when you hear about these cases but you will have to go out of your way to help, she says. About rural problems, for example, how many of us would actually be okay with staying in villages to help those people? Its like another world completely and we dont even relate to it. They all worry about corruption, about rising crime, about giving children basic necessities like food and clothing and about raising their own children in this society, which is not really a pleasant thought. And one way to set change in motion could be through voting for the right politicians. But, as Shane points out, I dont think any one of us can relate to todays political leaders. They are full of empty promises and look only to make the most money in the short time they are in office. Malavika finds all of them sounding the same and talking about what they think we need, not the real issues. Too many vested interests are ruining the situation today and if we could just have some sort of goal congruence among political parties, it would help, reasons Shruti. Independence and democracy are responsibilities for us. Or, at least, they ought to be, says Rajvi. Patriotism is not just about standing up in a theatre for the national anthem before watching Mallika Sherawat in a steamy scene. The impetus lies with us to realise that not littering the street or demanding accountability from government is also patriotism. Ajay agrees that independence comes with certain riders, but how can you make people look beyond their immediate needs when that is how they have become? He finds that there is nothing at all that connects a young person today to the freedom struggle or even the concept of fighting for independence. History is taught to us in school and college with the intention of writing an exam and nothing more. This is where the true essence of what independent India is really all about is being washed away generation after generation. S. Iyer, 54, who works with a multinational firm in Chennai and has a daughter in her 20s, says his generation was probably so euphoric at the novelty of independence but also so disgusted at events like the Emergency that we got sick of murky politics. He argues that maybe they failed to provide their children with platforms to express patriotism. So, while the young might actually be very patriotic, I think we can be partly blamed for not guiding them towards the right channels of expression. And over the years, 1857 becomes just another date to be mugged up and Dandi becomes one more dot to be plotted on a map-learn up as much as you need to make the passing grade. Whoever else is not mentioned in those textbooks and whatever fact is not a question on the exam really does not matter. Just dont flunk the exam. This was a point driven well home by the sight of a 10-year-old on television some years ago, being asked by an anchor, Who wrote Vande Mataram? And the smug answer, given very confidently, was A.R. Rehman. Shane and Susan find that to many Indians, sadly, I-Day has become one more holiday with nothing to set it apart. And it is just that to them, too. Coming from a family that was entirely involved in the independence movement, however, Shruti says, In small towns, one sees a flag hoisted on top of every house on August 15, and Ive heard children humming patriotic songs-its like a festival. But in a city like Bombay, maybe it is just a history lesson with students saying khud to mar gaye aur chod gaye ek chapter humare liye(they themselves died, but left us another chapter to learn). Ajay is fascinated by how one mans dream actually became freedom for millions and can never think of it as just another day off work.This was a country where there were signs saying Dogs and Indians not allowed. And to be where we are now how can anyone miss the significance of Independence Day, asks Shruti. I do feel very patriotic on August 15. Because when I study about the independence struggle in class, I feel really moved by everything those people gave up and how they had to fight. I really appreciate it because without them, we may still have been ruled by the British, says Malavika. But what can I really do to celebrate independence on that day apart from being present at the flag-hoisting? And so, at some point during August 15, either while watching the tricolour unfold, or while standing up to sing the national anthem, or catching a glimpse of the defence regiments marching past the President, or seeing the little kids selling plastic flags at traffic signals, or listening to the FM station play Ai Mere Pyare Watan, your heart does swell with pride. But then, the moment passes. You bought the flag and tucked it on your windscreen. Jai Hind. Now lets go get a latte.

Dreams and Dream Deffered by Langston Hughes :: essays research papers

â€Å"Dreams Deferred† and â€Å"Dreams† In the poems â€Å"Dreams Deferred† and â€Å"Dreams† by Langston Hughes the author talks about how important dreams are. The author uses many different types of figurative languages such as similes and metaphors and shows how they are alike and different in many ways. In the poem â€Å"Dreams† the author writes â€Å"Hold fast to your dreams/for if dreams die †(Hughes 1-2 poem 1). The theme of this poem is to try to achieve your dreams and not let them die . In the poem â€Å"Dream Deferred † also by Langston Hughes the author writes about the theme being how a person could basically not be sane without dreams and how important they are to a person. As the author writes â€Å"Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun† ( Hughes 2-3 poem 2). The author is referring how dreams die when not pursued and dry up like raisins when not used or reached. The author used figurative language in the form of metaphors in these two poems in the first poem â€Å"Dreams† . The author writes â€Å"For when dreams go/Life is like a barren field/ of frozen snow † (Hughes 6-8 poem 1) . Which he feels hopelessness and the author expresses hopelessness in the lines †For it dreams die / Life is a broken winged-bird / that cannot fly †(Hughes - poem 2). The author is trying to explain to the reader to not let go of your dreams which is basically the whole poem is about your dreams and how important and I don’t think that Langston Hughes could stress that anymore than he already has. As the author writes â€Å"Does it dry up like a raisin in the sun?† Langston Hughes argues about how readers should never let our hopes, dreams, and aspirations.

Swift vs. Machiavelli: Government

Swift vs. Machiavelli: Government Brandi Barnes We’ve all heard of governments over the years—anarchy, dictatorship, communism—who ruled with a firm hand and a blind eye. To be frank, some were just ruthless. But how do they lead? Strong? Weak? Or a little of both? Machiavelli’s purpose: how to rule in a manner that shows power and how to instill that power over the people swiftly. Swift’s purpose: recognize the kind of cold, calculating inhumanity of blunt rationalism when used to address social problems such as poverty as well as overpopulation.In â€Å"The Morals of the Prince,† he is somewhat encouraging the rulers to be harsh, but also be generous to show that he can give and take away because he has the authority. On the contrary, â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is stating that the coldness of turning a blind eye to the situation is one of inhumanity. To begin with, both prove their cases very differently, affecting their audience in th e most profound ways. Yet, there is one more effective than the other—Swift.Through the entire satirical piece, Swift is mocking the heartless attitude towards the poor. The wealth of a country is based on one thing: the poverty of the majority of its citizens. The English government was well aware of the two situations pointed out in this essay, yet they chose to sit there and do nothing about it. Instead, they withdraw their natural rights and dehumanize them by viewing them as a commodity.Swift’s comment– â€Å"That it will prevent those voluntary abortions, and that horrid practice of women murdering their bastard children†Ã¢â‚¬â€is one of the ways he shows the government taking away a natural right each mother has, but then goes on to say, â€Å"I doubt more to avoid the expense than the shame† to show how the government yet again is well aware of the dire situation, but they instead supported it by paying her to get rid of her child. Shiftin g into a new perspective, Machiavelli’s view towards the government is somewhat a paradoxical one.With each statement he makes, he presents is well; then contradicts. â€Å"He may make examples of very few, but he will be more merciful in reality than those who, in their tenderheartedness, allow disorders to occur,† this shows Machiavelli’s perspective on the government; saying that the one showing the consequences to the people know what happen if they disobeyed him instills that bit of fear, and that he will be more successful than a leader who is never stern and allows the people to walk all over him.By showing this certain authority, it ties back into his main purpose of establishing and maintaining power throughout their reign. To wrap things together, both Machiavelli and Swift are using a serious tone to present the same underlying topic: the government ruling. One is mocking it by showing how they pay money to have these children and help their families and the other is saying rule in a harsh but generous manner.In a plethora of ways, â€Å"A Modest Proposal† is exemplification to Machiavelli’s views on how to be an effective leader, but also contradicts on saying that some those exact views listed in â€Å"The Morals of a Prince† is inhuman and heartless. Swift directs his focal point to just that of poverty and overpopulation, allowing us to see a broader reasoning behind his mocking tone towards the government as opposed to Machiavelli using an array of examples. Through both readings, they present and utilize their sole purposes for writing them. Despite their contradictions, they are still very similar to one another.

Eugenics the Unethical Pseudoscience Essay

Our topic was on selective human breeding, or in other words eugenics. If you don’t know what eugenics is don’t worry I’ll tell you, according to Oxford dictionaries eugenics is the science of improving a population by controlled breeding to increase the occurrence of desirable heritable characteristics. Desirable heritable characteristics for example can be things like a particular eye color, hair color, height, etc. My question to you all is if you think eugenics is ethical or not? I want to hear your answer after I give you my reasons of why I don’t believe eugenics is ethical. Now this might not sound like such a controversial topic but the history of eugenics is not exactly a bright one. Now everyone knows how WWII began, and the people responsible for it. Hitler and his henchmen victimized an entire continent, murdered millions, during his search for what he called the â€Å"Master Race. † His vision of the ideal race was white, blonde-haired, and blue-eyed, but contrary to popular belief, this idea of the â€Å"Master Race† did not originate with Hitler. The idea came from the United States and its eugenics program. The E. R.  O also known as the Eugenics Record Office was founded on 1910 in New York. A thing that not many people know is that the United States actually had one of the largest eugenic movements in the world. Eugenics was used by scientists as a way to control people, by that I mean they would use various research methods, hereditary questionnaires, and interviewing groups with special interests. The E. R. O. was able to convince the U. S. government to administer eugenic laws nationwide. This included immigration and marriage restrictions, race segregation, and forced sterilization of criminals and who was seen as undesirable. Well what is forced sterilization you ask? To simplify it for males it’s a vasectomy and for woman it’s a tubal ligation, getting your tubes tied. The U. S. was forcing people to be sterilized just because they were seen as unfit to breed, because they didn’t fall under what was seen as desirable. Now this thing eugenics they called it science, I personally see it as pseudoscience used to discriminate people, was used for decades. Oh and did you know that California had the largest eugenics movement in the country. From 1907 to the 1970’s over 60,000 people were forced sterilized in the U. S. alone, and 20,000 of those people were in California. Now who decides if a person should be forced sterilized or not, well a list was made and if a person has or falls under any of the items on that list, they are to be sterilized right away. The few things on that list are paralysis, congenital blindness, acquired deafness, sexual promiscuity, and not being physically attractive. Now I have a video I’d like to show you about eugenics and its forced sterilization.

O Caledonia by Elspeth Barker

O Caledonia by Elspeth Barker Free Online Research Papers How successful is Elspeth Barker in creating sympathy for Janet in ‘O Caledonia’† you may wish to refer to theme, presentation of character, setting, narrative viewpoint and language in your analysis.‘O Caledonia’ by Elspeth Barker is a murder-mystery story set in 1950’s Aberdeenshire. It tells the story of a young girl called janet, as she grows up into adulthood. The story begins with a prologue where janet is murdered, and we are then told the story of her childhood. The Author makes the reader feel sympathy for janet, and a sense of loss at her death. In this essay, I am going to examine how Elspeth Barker achieves this. The character of Janet is portrayed with sympathy in the book. Throughout her childhood and adolescence, she is alienated for being different, and refusing to conform to stereophonics. It is clear from the start of the book, that Janet’s father has no interest in her, when she is born, her father comes home on leave from the army. His only remark is ‘It’s about the size of a cat† When a her brother Francis is born, he gets a much more favourable reception â€Å"In the manufacture of human pride, there is no ingredient so potent as the production of a son† remarks her mother Vera’s friend Constance. â€Å"The blue wicker basket had found it’s rightful occupant† This shows that boys are favoured more than girls in Janet’s family. Janet has a very romantic outlook in life, and this is illustrated by the colourful language she uses to describe things; There is a ‘bird motif’ running throughout the story, this is where janet is symbolised by bird. The first instance of this is janet’s grandad’s parrot Perhaps the most poingnant of these is in the prologue; In the castle of Auchnasaugh, there is a statuette of a white cockatoo â€Å"his breast transfixed by an arrow†, underneath this is a plaque saying â€Å"Moriens Sed Invictus†, which means â€Å"dying but unconquered†. This image has many parallels with janet, as she too is dying, stabbed through the chest. The â€Å"dying but unconquered† statement, too applies to janet. She is dying yes, but she hasn’t given in to society, she has not let them change her. Research Papers on ‘O Caledonia’ by Elspeth BarkerThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsMind TravelHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementWhere Wild and West MeetCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is Art

Evaluation on buying organic food Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Evaluation on buying organic food - Essay Example Psychosomatic study has shaped a large number of theories associated with the difficulties encountered in organic food purchase decision making process. These studies have revealed that consumers’ purchase decisions in a definite environment and at a specified time are determined by a combination of mental and relative factors as well as their connections (Klockner 40-56).Moreover, the following phases will be conferred: In what way do ethics, principles, attitudes and fears for both the health and environment influences the consumption of organic food, does availability, visibility, and prices awareness contribute, the role played by trust, environmental and health psychological simulations contribution towards organic food purchase and lastly, the impact of labels on organic food on decision making influence Consumers are always placed at the bottom of production chain. However, they play a chief role in in the establishment and development of the organic food market. In ess ence, the ultimate purchase in a supply chain, health food entity or on a grocery market by a consumer creates the demand that eventually sustains organic production sector. In addition, the act of purchasing food is not as easy as it seems since it requires keen attention by the consumer for the ingredients among other nutrients details. Further, the purchasing process can be split into a sequence of linked decisions by the consumer. For instance the consumer will start with allocating time for his/her shopping, then they will choose the place where they will go for their shopping for example, a local supermarket, hypermarket, grocery shop, etc. Accordingly, the consumer will make his/her budget, and the category of products they would like to purchase. This is the most important stage that a consumer of organic food faces. Further, this stage is consequential because within each food classification the consumer must have a specific product they are willing to purchase. The importa nce of the mentioned stages affects the end product of purchase. For instance, when a decision to shop in a supermarket instead of a grocery store is made, both places will have different varieties of produces. Consequently, the different variety impacts the foodstuffs that are taken into thought. In addition, when the food shopping is done under time constraints, it will clearly have an effect on the purchase choice because the time invested to make decisions is dramatically reduced ( Reed 87-100). It is important to evaluate the explanation of motive in influencing the purchase of organic food. Generally, there must be a motivation that triggers individuals to prefer organic food over conventional food when making a decision. Consequently, there are three main motives to buying organic food namely; Values, Attitudes, and Concerns. These three motives are psychological and the purchaser keenly regards them. The consumer will be purchasing organic food with a motive of enriching the ir health and on the other hand protect the environment and the animal welfare which is a value that most organic food consumers hold. Consequently as has been mentioned earlier, health concerns are a chief influence to the purchase of  organic food.  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Report for MAERSK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Report for MAERSK - Essay Example Understanding of these basic economic principles is to play a pivotal role in the defining future customer oriented successful strategy. In a similar context, the underlying report will shed light on the basic demand and supply and related factors for the shipping industry. The report will also make recommendations with respect to the pricing strategies of Maersk. Despite this growth of the world trade, the shipping industry remained under pressure due to oversupply. According to the DSF (2013) report, year of 2012 continues to expand crises in the shipping. The fleet has grown by 45% since 2008 while the demand growth has remained only at the 15%. The similar condition has left the industry with the oversupply of vessels, yard capacity, and container and consequently has taken down the earnings. Despite this oversupply, the industry is continuing the order books. This is also putting downside pressure on the asset value of a vessel in the long term, further, are expected to the increase the value of scrap on the industry (DSF, 2013). The world trade had considerably positive outlook of 19% growth for the year 2011 to 2014. The growth in world trade has a positive impact on the demand of the shipping industry. Therefore, increase in demand have balancing impact on the imbalance between the demand and supply of the shipping industry. Therefore, graphically it will be reflected as follows: Hence, current prices of the shipping industry which are under pressure (P0) due to limited demand will gain certain support (to P1) as the demand revives from D0 to D1. Important to note that increase in world trade of 19% has resulted in increase in demand that has shifted the curve from D0 to D1: As noted above, the supply is also constantly increasing as the constant growth in contracting shipping industry supply development. It is noted the increase in supply is has been at a higher percentage as compared to